The One‐Step Modification Preparation of Antireflective and Superhydrophobic F‐Al 2 O 3 Coating to Enhance Photovoltaic Efficiency

Abstract Superhydrophobic coatings have attracted considerable attention in various fields, such as photovoltaics, due to their self‐cleaning properties. However, achieving high‐performance self‐cleaning coatings through simple processes and at low cost remains a significant challenge. In this study, F‐Al 2 O 3 sol was prepared by a one‐step modification process using isopropylaluminum, perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FAS), and silane coupling agent (KH550). A high‐transparency superhydrophobic self‐cleaning coating was then fabricated using the dip‐coating method. The maximum static water contact angle of the coating was 159.85°, with a sliding angle of 0.2°, demonstrating excellent self‐cleaning performance and effective resistance to common contaminants. Compared to bare glass, the coated glass exhibited a 2.5% higher transmittance, which improved the encapsulation efficiency of crystalline silicon cells by 1.5%. Even after undergoing nine cycles of polishing with 400‐grit sandpaper or being exposed outdoors for seven months, the F‐Al 2 O 3 coating maintained good superhydrophobic performance. This easily prepared, low‐cost superhydrophobic coating, with its exceptional self‐cleaning properties and photovoltaic efficiency improvement, shows great potential for application in the photovoltaic industry. It is of significant importance for promoting the development of green energy and environmental protection.