The therapeutic effect of interleukin-22 in high androgen-induced polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex syndrome involving both endocrine and metabolic disorders. Gut microbiota and the intestinal immune factor IL-22 play an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. However, the therapeutic role of IL-22 in high androgen-induced PCOS mice is not clear. We aimed to determine the therapeutic effects of IL-22 on the DHEA-induced PCOS mouse model and to explore the possible mechanism of IL-22 in regulating hyperandrogenism-associated PCOS. Insulin resistance levels and ovarian functions were investigated in DHEA-induced PCOS mice with or without additional IL-22 treatment. We found that IL-22 could reverse insulin resistance, disturbed estrous cycle, abnormal ovary morphology, and decreased embryo number in DHEA mice. Mechanistically, IL-22 upregulated the browning of white adipose tissue in DHEA mice. This study demonstrated that IL-22-associated browning of white adipose tissue regulated insulin sensitivity and ovarian functions in PCOS, suggesting that IL-22 may be of value for the treatment of PCOS with a hyperandrogenism phenotype.