Metabolic profiling of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model rats and the interventional effects of HuaTanJiangQi decoction using UHPLC-Q-TOF/MSE

The occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will lead to physiological and pathological variations and endogenous metabolic disorders. A traditional Chinese medicine formula, HuaTanJiangQi decoction (HTJQ), exhibits an unambiguous therapeutic effect on COPD in China. Nevertheless, the mechanism of its therapeutic effect on COPD is not clear. With this purpose, pulmonary function, histopathological and the inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in rats model of COPD were investigated. Then, ultra high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) analysis and multivariate statistical analysis were used to further reveal the mechanism of HTJQ therapeutic effect on COPD via metabolomics study. The results showed that the characteristics of lung tissues were significantly reversed, the concentration of LTB4 and LTC4 were gradually decreased, and the lung function began to recover after HTJQ treatment. These typical indicators of COPD in HTJQ intervention group were reversed similar to the control group, suggested that HTJQ has a therapeutic effect on COPD. Moreover, 32 dysregulated metabolites, including Thromboxane a2, Sphingosine 1-phosphate, PC(18:2(9Z,12Z)/18:1(11Z)), Leukotriene B4, Glutathione, Arachidonic acid, Sphingosylphosphocholine acid, N-Acetyl-leukotriene e4, Lysopc(18:1(11Z)), L-Cysteine, and Guanosine diphosphate. All the altered metabolites were associated with the onset and development of COPD, and involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism, which were significantly changed in rats model with COPD. Generally, these findings provide a systematic view of metabolic changes linked to the onset and development of COPD, also indicated that HTJQ could provide satisfactory therapeutic effects on COPD and metabolomics study can be utilized to further understand the molecular mechanisms.