脊髓损伤
微生物群
神经保护
失调
神经科学
医学
肠道菌群
肠-脑轴
肠道微生物群
生物信息学
冲程(发动机)
生物
心理干预
脊髓
免疫学
工程类
精神科
机械工程
作者
David J. Wallace,N. Sayre,Tyler Patterson,Susannah Nicholson,Donald L. Hilton,Ramesh Grandhi
出处
期刊:Neurosurgical Focus
[Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group]
日期:2019-03-01
卷期号:46 (3): E11-E11
被引量:37
标识
DOI:10.3171/2018.12.focus18206
摘要
In addition to standard management for the treatment of the acute phase of spinal cord injury (SCI), implementation of novel neuroprotective interventions offers the potential for significant reductions in morbidity and long-term health costs. A better understanding of the systemic changes after SCI could provide insight into mechanisms that lead to secondary injury. An emerging area of research involves the complex interplay of the gut microbiome and the CNS, i.e., a brain–gut axis, or perhaps more appropriately, a CNS–gut axis. This review summarizes the relevant literature relating to the gut microbiome and SCI. Experimental models in stroke and traumatic brain injury demonstrate the bidirectional communication of the CNS to the gut with postinjury dysbiosis, gastrointestinal-associated lymphoid tissue–mediated neuroinflammatory responses, and bacterial-metabolite neurotransmission. Similar findings are being elucidated in SCI as well. Experimental interventions in these areas have shown promise in improving functional outcomes in animal models. This commensal relationship between the human body and its microbiome, particularly the gut microbiome, represents an exciting frontier in experimental medicine.
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