环境修复
土壤水分
环境科学
土壤修复
环境规划
环境化学
环境工程
土壤污染
土壤科学
污染
化学
生态学
生物
作者
Carmen Fernández-López,Tracey Temple,Federica Persico,Frédéric Coulon,Jose Julio Ortega-Calvo
出处
期刊:The handbook of environmental chemistry
日期:2024-01-01
标识
DOI:10.1007/698_2023_1067
摘要
This chapter presents an overview of military activities that can cause harm to soil systems through pollution by chemicals such as energetic materials, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatics hydrocarbons and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and pathways for its remediation. Case studies are presented to demonstrate real-life scenarios where military activities have created environmental and soil impacts. It also includes an outline of chemical, biological, and physical remediation approaches for these polluted soils. These approaches include chemical leaching, stabilisation photolysis, electrokinetic remediation, and bioremediation, among others. The chapter also describes the significance of integrating bioavailability science into remediation processes as it helps to avoid the overestimation of the risks associated with the presence of a contaminant. The final section of the chapter describes the importance of risk assessment and how early implementation can minimise impacts to the environment, implement cost-savings, and incorporate proactive strategies to avoid reactive situations when dealing with contamination.
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