Deciphering of nutritional profile, therapeutic potential, and networking of bioactive compounds of Moringa oleifera : A comprehensive review

Abstract Moringa oleifera is increasingly recognized for its therapeutic potential in disease prevention and free radical scavenging, attributed to its rich phytochemical profile. This review emphasizes the plant's low side effects, cost‐effectiveness, and applicability in enhancing immune function, especially through its leaves, which are commonly utilized to support breastfeeding. Additionally, M. oleifera is employed in managing conditions such as malaria, typhoid fever, inflammation, circulatory disorders, joint discomfort, asthma, skin infections, hypertension, and diabetes. The dried leaves are nutrient‐dense, containing 30.3% crude protein, 19% amino acids, fiber, tannins, polyphenols, and 17% fatty acids, including palmitic acid, capric acid, alpha‐linolenic acid, and gamma‐linolenic acid. Bioactive compounds, such as vanillin, quercetin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid, contribute to its therapeutic potential. Emerging network pharmacology analyses suggest that these bioactive constituents may play a role in treating pancreatic cancer. Despite substantial documentation of M. oleifera's bioactive profile, gaps remain in understanding its molecular mechanisms, molecular informatics, optimal dosing, and long‐term safety. This review consolidates current evidence, highlights emerging research trends, including network mapping of bioactive compounds, and outlines future research directions, aiming to guide clinical applications and policy development to fully harness the therapeutic potential of this economically viable medicinal plant.