微观结构
电解质
化学
聚合物
化学工程
膜
电渗析
离子电导率
电化学
纳米技术
高分子化学
材料科学
有机化学
电极
工程类
物理化学
生物化学
结晶学
作者
Dong Won Shin,Michael D. Guiver,Young Moo Lee
出处
期刊:Chemical Reviews
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2017-03-03
卷期号:117 (6): 4759-4805
被引量:734
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00586
摘要
A fundamental understanding of polymer microstructure is important in order to design novel polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) with excellent electrochemical performance and stabilities. Hydrocarbon-based polymers have distinct microstructure according to their chemical structure. The ionic clusters and/or channels play a critical role in PEMs, affecting ion conductivity and water transport, especially at medium temperature and low relative humidity (RH). In addition, physical properties such as water uptake and dimensional swelling behavior depend strongly on polymer morphology. Over the past few decades, much research has focused on the synthetic development and microstructural characterization of hydrocarbon-based PEM materials. Furthermore, blends, composites, pressing, shear field, electrical field, surface modification, and cross-linking have also been shown to be effective approaches to obtain/maintain well-defined PEM microstructure. This review summarizes recent work on developments in advanced PEMs with various chemical structures and architecture and the resulting polymer microstructures and morphologies that arise for potential application in fuel cell, lithium ion battery, redox flow battery, actuators, and electrodialysis.
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