임상간호사의 감성지능, 감정노동과 소진

The purpose of this descriptive research study is to understand and determine emotional intelligence, emotional labor and burnout of clinical nurses and to identify the relationships among them and then the usablity of emotional intelligence in nursing organizations. Population of the study is a 201 women of nurses and charge nurses working for one general hospital located in Gyeonggi-do during September 19 to September 27, 2012. Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Wong and Law (2002) was adopt as a research tool of emotional intelligence which was adapted by Hyeon-woo Jeong (2007) and a tool of emotional labor developed by Min-zoo Kim(1998) on the basis of the study by Morris and Feldman (1996) and Maslach Burnout Inventory of Maslach and Jackson(1981) was selected as a tool of burnout which was adapted by Hye-yun Choi(2002). The collected data was analyzed by SPSS win 18.0 program for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Schéffe test, partial correlation coefficient. The results of this study are as follows. A score of Emotional intelligence of the participants was average 4.56 points out of 7 and when seeing by subcomponents, emotional understanding oneself was 4.90 points, emotional understanding of others was 4.82 points, a use of sensibility was 4.46 points and emotional control was 4.07 points in order of a score. Emotional labor of the participants was on average 3.31 points out of 5 and when seeing by subcomponents the attention of emotion expressions was 3.49 points, frequency of emotion expressions was 3.41 points and emotional disharmony was 3.03 points in order. Burnout of the participants was on average 3.63 points out of 6, and seeing by subcomponents emotional exhaustion 3.88 points, the decrease of a sense of achievement was 3.80 points and depersonalization was 2.92 points in order. When seeing in the difference of degrees of emotional intelligence by general characteristics of the participants, the difference of the nursing satisfaction scores was significant and it was statistically significant. Seeing in emotional labor, the difference among the his degrees by general characteristics of the participants was not statistically significant, and according to the working departments and nursing satisfaction, the degree of their burnout was different and the difference was statistically significant. After adjusting for nursing satisfaction, the result of analysis of partial correlation between emotional intelligence, emotional labor and burnout is that emotional intelligence and emotional labor showed a negative correlation, emotional labor and burnout showed a positive correlation. However, the relationship between emotional intelligence and burnout of the participants was not statistically significant. This study found that emotional intelligence of clinical nurses reduce emotional labor and emotional labor increased the burnout. To reduce burnout of clinical nurses an intervention of decreasing the emotional labor should be found and the use of emotional intelligence is expected to decrease emotional labor. To do this, nurses will require the development of intervention programs to improve the emotional intelligence of nurses.