Zeolite-based hybrid material as an efficient promoter in the green synthesis of mono/bis-phthalazinones

Hybrid structures containing organic-inorganic porous materials are of great interest as green, heterogeneous, and recyclable catalysts. In this study, a novel organic-inorganic hybrid material (Zeolite HY@DETA) via the surface-functionalization of the Zeolite HY was prepared. The structure of hybrid material was characterized using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Subsequently, the catalytic activity of this novel hybrid material was considered in the one-pot three-component synthesis of 3-amino-1-aryl-5,10-dioxo-1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-2-carbonitrile and some bis phthalazine-dione derivatives under green and environmentally benign conditions. The products were synthesized in excellent yields within a short reaction time and identified using elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopies. This protocol avoids the use of harmful catalysts, toxic solvents, and harsh reaction conditions. Besides, the catalyst could be recycled for five reaction runs with a slight loss of catalytic activity.