Rapamycin treated tol-dendritic cells derived from BM-MSCs reversed graft rejection in a rat liver transplantation model by inducing CD8+CD45RC−Treg

To investigate the influence of tolerance dendritic cells (tolDCs), generated from Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) treated with rapamycin (Rapa) on liver allograft survival in a rat acute liver transplantation model. Different GM-CSF induction project was used to obtain immature DCs (imDCs), mature DCs (matDCs) or tolDCs from BM-MSCs. First, MLR was performed to analyze the activity of tolDCs on polyclonaly stimulated total T cells. Then, co-cultured imDCs, matDCs and tolDCs with CD8+T cells isolated by magnetic activated cell sorting to analyze the influence on its regulatory characteristic. Last, the established rat acute liver transplantation model were adoptive transfused with imDCs, matDCs or tolDCs isolated by anti-CD11c immunomagnetic beads. The phenotype of DC cells and level of CD8+Treg in the culture system and in vivo, the expression of CD8 and CD45RC in the tissues were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The loGM-CSF plus IL-4 decreased the costimulatory molecules of CD80/86 and MHC class II of DCs comparison with hiGM-CSF from BM-MSCs no matter whether stimulation by LPS (P<0.05). Rapa treated not only reduced the expression of CD80/86 and MHC class II but also down-regulated the expression of CD11c after LPS stimulation which was more obviously in tolDCs by loGM-CSF project (P<0.05). Moreover, tolDCs displayed a rather higher level of IL-10 and low level of IL-12p70 than others (P<0.01), which shown a rather lower stimulative effect on the proliferation of T cells comparison with matDCs and imDCs. Co-cultured with CD8+Treg showed an improvement on induction of CD8+TCR+CD45RC−T cells (CD8+Treg) in ex vivo. The rats transfused with tolDCs has a delayed survival benefits with high level of CD8+Tregs (P<0.01) and high expression of CD45RC in liver tissue (P<0.01) and spleen when comparison with other groups. The infused tolDCs improved a mean survival time (MST) of 32 days comparison with a MTS of 9.5 days and 15.75 days displayed by rat that per-infused with matDCs and imDCs, respectively. Rapa modified tolDCs derived from BM-MSCs reversed graft rejection by improve tolerance characteristics of CD8+CD45RC−Treg in acute liver rat transplantation.