Effect of storage treatments on wheat storage

Egypt, from 30 th May, 2015 to 11 th March, 2016 to study the effect of storage periods, packages types and treating wheat grains with natural and chemical materials on storage efficacy seed viability and quality under the environmental conditions of Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.The experiment was arranged in A Factorial Experiment in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications.The first factor contained three storage periods (3, 6 and 9 months).The second factor included four types of packages i.e normal storage (stored wheat grains in normal "twisting plastic" and gunny packages) and sealing storage (stored wheat grains in polyethylene "nylon" and metal containers).The third factor included five treatment of treating wheat grains with natural and chemical materials at the beginning of storage i.e control treatment (untreated grains), and treating wheat grains with thyme oil at the rate of 15%, neem oil at the rate of 20%, ascorbic acid at the rate of 500 ppm and phosphine at the rate of 8 ppm.The main results of this study could be summarized as follows: Increasing storage periods of wheat seed up to 9 months significantly affected storage efficacy and seed viability and quality.Sealing storage wheat grains in polyethylene "nylon" recorded the most excellent results of storage efficacy, seed viability and quality, followed by sealed stored in metal packages, then gunny packages and lastly in normal "twisting plastic".The best results of storage efficacy, seed viability and quality were recorded with treating wheat grains with phosphine at the rate of 8 ppm, followed by treating with neem oil at the rate of 20%, then treating with thyme oil at the rate of 15%, treating with ascorbic acid at the rate of 500 ppm and lastly control treatment (untreated grains).For enhancing storage efficacy, seed viability and quality, it could recommended that treating wheat grains with phosphine (as a chemical material) at the rate of 8 ppm or neem oil at the rate of 20% (as a natural material) before storage in polyethylene or metal packages under the environmental conditions of the experiment in Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.