海水淡化
太阳能淡化
蒸发
蒸发器
材料科学
海水
环境科学
环境工程
废物管理
化学
机械工程
热力学
地质学
工程类
热交换器
物理
生物化学
海洋学
膜
作者
Lin Wang,Zheng Liu,Jinliang Xu,Kaiying Wang,Qingyang Wang,Guohua Li
出处
期刊:Desalination
[Elsevier]
日期:2023-12-01
卷期号:567: 116993-116993
被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.desal.2023.116993
摘要
Desalination uses seawater to produce freshwater, offering potential solutions to address freshwater scarcity. However, it faces challenges such as high energy consumption, high-costs and mineral resources waste. Here, a conical solar-thermo-radiative evaporator is proposed to address the resource recovery in sustainable desalination. Three exciting concepts are integrated into such a novel structure: the photothermal converter captures full solar spectrum and converts it into infrared radiation that are more easily absorbed by seawater; the anti-gravity transport driven by passive capillarity and active negative-pressure evaporation enables continuous water supply through the conical porous materials; the marginal crystallization spatially isolates the salt crystallization from the water evaporation surface, promoting the salt recovery with assistance of gravity. Unlike normal evaporation structures, the radiative evaporation and natural evaporation collective works on both the inner and outer surfaces of the cone. This greatly promotes internal solute transportation and external vapor diffusion, leading to a high evaporation rate of 1.25 kg/(m2·h) with a solar efficiency of 89.9 % under one sun. We further show that stable desalination process can be sustained while simultaneously recovering salt during 40 h of non-stop operation, realizing spatial isolation of the salt crystallization from evaporation to harvesting freshwater and salt separately. This proof-of-concept work opens a new direction in development of solar evaporator with the zero-liquid-discharge ability for brine or wastewater treatment.
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