Evaluating the Spatial Environmental Aspects in Designing the Urban Plant Landscape for the Riverbank at the Al-Athamiyah Site in the Baghdad City

Abstract Riverbanks are one of the most effective places in connecting residents with the river, and neglecting their, especially from the vegetation aspect, leads to the natural and functional underutilization of the riverbank. Due to the lack of attention to urban green design in Baghdad and the scarcity of studies related to this aspect, the research problem of knowledge deficiency in the fundamentals of plant design for riverbank edges has emerged. Therefore, the research adopting the descriptive analysis method of the vocabulary discussed in previous studies related to the development of riverbanks to formulate a theoretical framework applicable to evaluate the local environment of the riverbank at the Al-Athamiyah site and study the impact of the location from both natural and cultural perspectives on the nature of plant design for the riverbank. The study included some indicators to develop a theoretical framework that can be applied to the current situation. The most important findings of the research are that use of local plant species contributed to supporting natural and environmental values, reinforcing the cultural aspect and local heritage and plants can be utilized to create activities that enhance the effectiveness and utilization of the riverbank.