Intravenous Tirofiban Infusion After Angioplasty and Stenting in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis-Related Stroke

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of intravenous infusion of tirofiban after emergent angioplasty with or without stenting in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related large-vessel occlusion stroke.We performed a retrospective case series study of 98 patients who underwent thrombectomy followed by angioplasty with or without stenting to treat intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related large-vessel occlusion. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those who received continuous intravenous infusion of tirofiban for 12 hours after procedure (intravenous tirofiban group, n=30) and those who did not receive postprocedural intravenous tirofiban (control group, n=68). The following treatment outcomes in the 2 groups were compared: early reocclusion of treated arteries on computed tomography angiography, parenchymal hematoma, symptomatic hemorrhage, and 90-day functional outcome.Early reocclusion occurred in 18 patients (18.4%). The rate of early reocclusion was significantly lower in the intravenous tirofiban group than in the control group (3.3% versus 25%, P<0.001). The rates of parenchymal hematoma, symptomatic hemorrhage, 90-day good outcome, and mortality were not significantly different between the 2 groups. In multivariate logistic analysis, the only independent predictor of early reocclusion was no use of intravenous tirofiban (odds ratio, 9.212 [95% CI, 1.155-73.495], P=0.036). A good outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2) was significantly less frequent in patients with early reocclusion than in those without it (16.7% versus 72.5%, P<0.001).The use of intravenous tirofiban for 12 hours was associated with decreased risk of early reocclusion of treated arteries, with no increased risk of hemorrhage after emergent angioplasty, with or without stenting, in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related large-vessel occlusion stroke. Early reocclusion was associated with a poor outcome in such cases.