[Effect of different orthodontic techniques on alveolar bone changes in the upper incisor area of patients with periodontitis].

PURPOSE: To explore the effects of different orthodontic techniques on the changes of alveolar bone density, height and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) bleeding in upper incisor in patients with periodontitis. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with moderate periodontitis who underwent orthodontic treatment from January 2016 to December 2019 in the Department of Stomatology of Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital were divided into experimentalexperimental group(n=12) and control group(n=11). Patients in the experimental group were treated with bracket-less invisible appliance, while patients in the control group were treated with conventional lip-side fixed appliance. Changes of gingival crevicular hemorrhage index, probing depth, alveolar bone height and bone density in the incisor area were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed on data using SPSS 22.0 software package. RESULTS: After treatment, the bone mineral density of the upper incisor alveolar crest (L1) of the two groups decreased, and the rate of decrease in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group (P<0.05). The bone density at the apical point of the anatomical root of the control group at 1 mm (L3) was also significantly reduced, but there was no significant change in the experimental group. There was no significant change in the alveolar bone height of the upper incisor area between the two groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). Root resorption of the upper incisors in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the probing depth and GCF bleeding index of the two groups decreased, and the change in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Bracket-free invisible appliance for periodontitis is more conducive to the restoration of alveolar bone mineral density in the upper incisor than the conventional lip-side fixed appliance, and both of which have the same effect on bone height and are safe and effective orthodontic treatment.