Improved electrochemical performance of amorphous TiS3 electrodes compared to its crystal for all-solid-state rechargeable lithium batteries

Crystalline and amorphous TiS3 active materials were prepared. The all-solid-state lithium secondary batteries with crystalline and amorphous TiS3 showed the initial discharge capacity of about 560 mAh g−1, corresponding to the theoretical capacity of TiS3. However, the battery using crystalline TiS3 had an irreversible capacity at the 1st cycle. The battery showed the reversible capacity of about 400 mAh g−1 from the 2nd to 10th cycle. On the other hand, irreversible capacities were not observed for 10 cycles in the battery with amorphous TiS3. The structural changes of crystalline and amorphous TiS3 were observed by XRD and HR-TEM during cycling. Crystalline TiS3 became partially amorphous during the cycling. Amorphous TiS3 maintained amorphous state for 10 cycles and thus had the better cyclability compared to crystalline TiS3.