脊髓炎
脑炎
脑膜炎
中枢神经系统
单纯疱疹病毒
医学
脑脊液
病毒学
病毒
红细胞增多
无菌性脑膜炎
脑膜脑炎
免疫学
水痘带状疱疹病毒
病毒性脑炎
脊髓
儿科
内科学
精神科
出处
期刊:Virologie
[John Libbey Eurotext]
日期:2020-10-01
卷期号:24 (5): 283-294
被引量:8
标识
DOI:10.1684/vir.2020.0862
摘要
Central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by herpes simplex viruses 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) greatly vary in frequency and severity. HSV-1 causes mostly herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) which represents 5% to 15% of infectious encephalitis in children and adults. Despite available molecular diagnosis tools and antiviral drugs, the prognosis of HSE remains unacceptably low. In addition to mortality and immediate sequelae, auto-immune encephalitis (AIE) may occur, associated with the development of anti-neuronal antibodies in 1/4 of cases. Replicative relapses have been associated in few cases with genetic defects altering the innate immune response of neuronal cells. Herpetic meningitis is frequent, mostly associated with HSV-2 and genital herpes, sometimes recurrent and, mostly benign, except in immunocompromised individuals. Finally, exceptional cases of myelitis have been reported, due to ascending propagation of HSV-2 in the CNS. This review does not include neonatal infections.
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