Matrix metalloproteinases inhibitors in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Medicinal chemistry perspectives

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal disease with limited therapeutic options and a particularly poor prognosis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), promising targets for the treatment of IPF, have been identified as playing a pivotal role in IPF. Although the pathological processes of MMPs and IPF have been verified, there are no MMP inhibitors for the treatment of IPF in the clinic. In this review, we will present the latest developments in MMP inhibitors, including pharmacophores, binding modes, selectivity and optimization strategies. In addition, we will also discuss the future development direction of MMP inhibitors based on emerging tools and techniques.