Potential of Tannic Acid-Zinc Ion Nanoparticles in Biomedicine: Synthesis and Characterization Perspectives

Tannic acid is a natural polyphenol molecule with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities that have drawn much interest in the biomedical field. Nanomaterials have gained significant attention due to the rapid development of nanotechnology and its novel features, consisting of a high reaction activity and a large specific surface area. Zinc ions play an essential role in gene transcription and the catalytic activity of several human enzymes. In this research, tannic acid nanoparticles containing zinc ions have been analyzed and characterized. The nanoparticles were characterized using a range of methods, including Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction Analysis (XRD). The developed nanoparticles have been created with a diameter of $60-70 \mathrm{~nm}$, and their antibacterial and antioxidant properties were evaluated. Tannic acid and zinc ions are released at a controlled and extremely low rate (less than $1 \mu \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{ml}$) without causing any cytotoxicity and ultimately encourage cell proliferation. Experiments revealed that the TA / Zn = 2/5 sample has all the desired features and functions more efficiently than the other samples. The developed nanoparticle has several applications in medicine, including drug delivery.