A Rolling-Horizon Framework for Managing Shared Parking and Electric Vehicle Charging

Searching for parking spaces and charging piles leads to longer cruising time and additional traffic congestion for both gasoline and electric vehicles (EVs). As shared services mature, hybrid shared parking and charging patterns are emerging in EV-enabled parking lots to address this dilemma. This paper proposes a reservation and allocation framework with embedded multi-matching rules in the hybrid sharing pattern to improve parking platform revenue and resource utilization. In the framework, a rolling-horizon shared parking allocation (RSPA) model is first built to optimally allocate charging parking spaces (CPSs) and ordinary parking spaces (OPSs). Then, four matching rules are embedded into the model to deal with various supply and demand scenarios. Numerical experimental results indicate that (i) compared with the traditional method, the framework can significantly improve the platform revenue, parking utilization, and charging utilization by an average of 10.1%, 2.2%, and 15.5%, respectively; (ii) each matching rule is adapted to the corresponding proportion of supply and demand, and a consistent ratio of charging supply to demand is conducive to increasing platform revenue. The framework should have a promising application in the smart parking field to promote sustainable transportation development.