Gorham–Stout syndrome, the challenge in diagnosis and unique in treatment: a case report

Abstract Background Gorham–Stout disease is a rare condition with fewer than 400 reported cases in the literature. The presentation of Gorham–Stout disease varies on the basis of location, extent, fracture, and accompanying symptoms. It lacks a specific histopathological appearance but is characterized by vascular changes and the absence of cellular atypia. Case presentation This article presents a case study of a 16-year-old Persian boy with an entire femur with Gorham–Stout disease, highlighting the difficulties in managing this condition. The lack of a clear diagnosis resulted in prolonged procedures, delayed medical treatments, and ultimately required total femoral replacement with an endoprosthesis. Conclusion It is important to note that raising awareness of this disease and its potential complications can facilitate timely and appropriate treatment for patients presenting in the early stages of the disease.