Health state utility values for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most burdensome chronic diseases in the world. Health utility values are an important tool for quantifying this disease burden and conducting cost‐utility analyses. This review aimed to derive a reference set of health utility values for children and adolescents with T1DM. Methods We searched MEDLINE and Embase from inception to March 2023 for health utility values of T1DM children and adolescents (aged ≤18 years) measured using direct and indirect preference elicitation approaches. Utility estimates were pooled by meta‐analyses with subgroup analyses to evaluate differences by populations and elicitation approaches. Results Six studies involving 1276 participants were included in this study. Meta‐analysis showed the overall utility value of children and adolescents with T1DM was 0.91 (95% CI 0.89–0.93). The utility value of T1DM children and adolescents with complications was 0.90 (95% CI 0.88–0.92), which was lower than those without complications (0.96, 95% CI 0.95–0.97). The utility value of children (aged <13 years) was higher than adolescents (aged 13–18 years) (0.90 vs. 0.85). The utility value measured by the EQ‐5D‐3L (0.91) was higher than the HUI3 (0.89), the SF‐6Dv1 (0.83), and the time trade‐off (0.81). The parent proxy‐reported was similar to the patient self‐reported (0.91 vs. 0.91). Conclusions This study developed a reference set of pooled utility estimates for children and adolescents with T1DM, which is helpful for understanding the overall health status of T1DM and conducting economic evaluations. Further studies are needed to explore the utilities of T1DM with different types of complications.