Porous chitosan quaternary ammonium salt hydrogel embedded with Cu, Ni and Pd nanoparticles for efficient coupled adsorption-catalytic reduction of methylene blue and 4-nitrophenol

Anthropogenic wastewater generation and water pollution can have negative impacts on public health and ecosystems. However, most materials do not have both adsorptive and catalytic properties, so the design and development of sustainable and multifunctional materials is essential for wastewater treatment. Herein, composite hydrogel (PHG) containing [2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (SBMA) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salts (HACC) were prepared for wastewater treatment. The adsorption capacities of the PHG hydrogels for nickel (Ni