Progress on Reducing Indium Consumption in Silicon Heterojunction and Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells

Abstract Indium‐based transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are widely used in silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs) due to their high transmittance and conductivity. Currently, with the robust development of photovoltaic technology, the demand for indium is increasing steadily. However, indium, a rare metal, will lead to supply issues because of its limited mining and reserves, resulting in a continuous price increase. Therefore, reducing the indium consumption in solar cells presents a viable strategy for lowering production costs. Regarding this issue, this paper provides a comprehensive review of research in minimizing indium consumption for SHJ solar cells and perovskite/silicon TSCs. This clarifies the technological development path for overcoming indium resource limitations and then promoting the industrialization of efficient and economical solar cells. Additionally, given the current research status, prospects for the future development of indium‐free solar cells are offered, and summarize possible solutions.