Fabrication of near-infrared-light-responsive photothermal tea leaf-derived particles with thermotolerance inhibitory and anticancer activities

. In a B16 melanoma mouse model, the intratumoral administration of TLNPs-ICG, combined with intermittent near-infrared irradiation, significantly suppressed tumor growth without apparent systemic toxicity. These results suggest that TLNPs-ICG are plant-derived biomaterials that integrate EGCG-mediated biochemical activity, heat shock regulation, and ICG-mediated photothermal effects, providing a platform for next-generation PTT-combined cancer therapy.