Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

In 2022, ~10.6 million people were diagnosed with TB; of these, 410,000 individuals had drug-resistant TB.Of these 410,000 individuals, ~85% were new MDR-TB cases (no previous history of TB).Several studies have identified region-specific risk factors for drug-resistant TB; these include incarceration in Russia and immigrant status in Europe, South Korea and China.A study in South Africa reported that 212 of 386 patients with extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) were part of a single genomically defined transmission cluster, suggesting that this specific XDR M. tuberculosis strain was highly transmissible.Some drug-resistant M. tuberculosis M. tuberculosis lineages harbour mutations that confer resistance even before drug exposure, including to drugs such as bedaquiline, delamanid and pretomanid.Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a public health issue in several regions of the world, especially Eastern Europe, Russia, Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.MDR-TB is more difficult to diagnose and is associated with higher mortality and morbidity and higher rates of post-TB lung damage than drug-susceptible TB. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis