Development and challenges of polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on 2D materials

, and their diverse van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions, exhibit broad detection spectral ranges and possess inherent functional advantages. To date, numerous polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on 2D materials have been documented. This review initially provides a concise overview of the detection mechanisms and performance metrics of 2D polarization-sensitive photodetectors, which are pivotal for assessing their photodetection capabilities. It then examines the latest advancements in polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on individual 2D materials, 2D vdW heterojunctions, nanoantenna/electrode engineering, and structural strain integrated with 2D structures, encompassing a range of devices from the ultraviolet to infrared bands. However, several challenges persist in developing more comprehensive and functional 2D polarization-sensitive photodetectors. Further research in this area is essential. Ultimately, this review offers insights into the current limitations and challenges in the field and presents general recommendations to propel advancements and guide the progress of 2D polarization-sensitive photodetectors.