Roseburia intestinalis generated butyrate boosts anti-PD-1 efficacy in colorectal cancer by activating cytotoxic CD8 + T cells

OBJECTIVE: in colorectal tumourigenesis and immunotherapy. DESIGN: or azoxymethane (AOM)-induced CRC mouse models, and in syngeneic mouse xenograft models of CT26 (microsatellite instability (MSI)-low) or MC38 (MSI-high). The change of immune landscape was evaluated by multicolour flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry staining. Metabolites were profiled by metabolomic profiling. RESULTS: T cells to induce its activity through activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling. CONCLUSION: is a potential adjuvant to augment anti-PD-1 efficacy against CRC.