Role of the lower urinary tract viral infections in the development of female micturition disorders

Currently, an increase in the incidence and reactivation of the lower urinary tract viral infections is seen in women that often manifest as various micturition disorders. The most common viral agents are herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, Varicella-Zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and human papillomavirus. Since micturition disorders in bacterial cystitis and viral infections of the lower urinary tract are identical, urologists often prescribe antimicrobial drugs. This, in turn, not only has no effect in the treatment of micturition disorders, but also leads to the imbalances in the microflora of vagina and lower urinary tract, and, as a result, to the development of a chronic infectious process. This review presents the main characteristics, as well as features of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the most common lower urinary tract viral infections.