Multispectral Thermal Management Designs for Net-Zero Energy Buildings

The energy consumption of building for heating and cooling accounts for about 15% of the total energy consumption of the world. Owing to the rapid progress in nanophotonic materials, innovative technologies based on multispectral design and tuning have obtained significant development and provided new opportunities to decrease the energy consumption of buildings. Based on this background, this review aims to summarize state-of-the-art progress of daytime radiative cooling, smart windows, and personal thermal management toward net-zero energy buildings based on multispectral material and photonic engineering. Unsolved scientific and technical challenges associated with future perspectives in this field are also discussed, hoping to promote the development of building energy-saving technologies for our sustainable future.