Analysis of the impact of shafting angle misalignment on the vibration characteristics of centrifugal pumps

This study utilizes a methodology that integrates theoretical derivation, simulation modeling, and experimental validation to thoroughly examine the effects of shafting misalignment on the vibrational properties of centrifugal pumps. By constructing an IS (International Standard single-stage, single-suction)-type centrifugal pump model, the fluid computational domain meshing was performed using Ansys software. The interaction between fluid and structure was analyzed based on the fluid–solid coupling method. The unsteady excitation force in the flow field was simulated, and the motion equation of the rotor system under shafting misalignment conditions was formulated. The study revealed that angle misalignment induces the rotor system to produce periodic axial forces, consequently instigating axial vibrations, with peak vibration characteristics amplifying as the extent of misalignment escalates. Additionally, structural modal analysis demonstrated the fluctuation pattern of vibration intensity at different monitoring locations across the low-, medium-, and high-frequency ranges of the centrifugal pump. Experimental validation revealed a strong correlation between simulation forecasts and empirical data, exhibiting minimal error margins, thereby confirming the efficacy of the simulation approach. This research offers significant theoretical foundations and technical assistance for the design, performance enhancement, and fault diagnosis of centrifugal pumps.