MOF‐818 Nanozyme Suppresses Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stones by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Injury

Abstract There remains a lack of effective drugs to alleviate the kidney stones caused by oxidative stress and inflammatory damage. The MOF‐818 nanozyme is utilized to lessen the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) effectively, restore the membrane potential of mitochondria, regulate the cell cycle, decrease cell death, hinder the recruitment of macrophages, and mitigate the release of inflammatory factors in macrophages. These effects are attributed to the nanozyme's ability to mimic the enzyme properties of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). It is demonstrated that this nanozyme can reduce kidney calcium oxalate crystal deposition by reducing the renal injury caused by high concentration oxalate, upregulate the expression levels of SOD and CAT in tissues, downregulate adhesion proteins and inflammatory factor IL‐6 and TNF‐α, and promote the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype in the rat model induced by ethylene glycol. Overall, MOF‐818 has the potential to effectively suppress oxidative stress and inflammatory harm caused by high levels of oxalate, hence lowering the likelihood of stone formation. MOF‐818 nanozyme is also expected to be used as an alternative drug for the treatment of calcium oxalate kidney stones and provide an experimental theoretical basis for the development of new nanomedicines.