DNA Logical Computing on a Transistor for Cancer Molecular Diagnosis

Abstract Given the high degree of variability and complexity of cancer, precise monitoring and logical analysis of different nucleic acid markers are crucial for improving diagnostic precision and patient survival rates. However, existing molecular diagnostic methods normally suffer from high cost, cumbersome procedures, dependence on specialized equipment and the requirement of in‐depth expertise in data analysis, failing to analyze multiple cancer‐associated nucleic acid markers and provide immediate results in a point‐of‐care manner. Herein, we demonstrate a transistor‐based DNA molecular computing (TDMC) platform that enables simultaneous detection and logical analysis of multiple microRNA (miRNA) markers on a single transistor. TDMC can perform not only basic logical operations such as “AND” and “OR”, but also complex cascading computing, opening up new dimensions for multi‐index logical analysis. Owing to the high efficiency, sensing and computations of multi‐analytes can be operated on a transistor at a concentration as low as 2×10 −16 M, reaching the lowest concentration for DNA molecular computing. Thus, TDMC achieves an accuracy of 98.4 % in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma from 62 serum samples. As a convenient and accurate platform, TDMC holds promise for applications in “one‐stop” personalized medicine.