医学
地中海饮食法
膳食纤维
血液透析
内科学
肾脏疾病
营养物
透析
体质指数
作者
Maurizio Bossola,Alessandra Leo,Antonella Viola,Giusy Carlomagno,Tania Monteburini,Stefano Cenerelli,Stefano Santarelli,Rolando Boggi,Giacinto Abele Donato Miggiano,Carlo Vulpio,Cristina Mele,Luigi Tazza
摘要
BACKGROUND We aimed to measure the dietary intake of calories, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and fiber in patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD) at 3 centers in 1 metropolitan and 2 urban areas of Italy, and to evaluate whether it met the dietary guidelines for cardiovascular risk reduction. METHODS Daily dietary intake was assessed through a 3-day diet diary in 128 HD patients at the hemodialysis units of the Catholic University of Rome, Hospital A. Murri of Jesi and Hospital Principe di Piemonte of Senigallia, Italy. RESULTS Mean dietary calorie and protein intakes were 22.9 ± 9.1 kcal/kg per day and 0.95 ± 0.76 g protein/kg per day, respectively. Daily carbohydrate and lipid intakes as a percentage of total calorie intake were 51.8% ± 8.9% and 32.1% ± 7.1%. Mean daily dietary cholesterol intake was 206.6 ± 173.6 mg. Mean daily dietary intakes of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids were 0.49 ± 0.28 g and 5.1 ± 2.5 g, respectively, while the mean ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 intake was 11.5 ± 4.8. Forty-eighty percent of patients had an omega-6 to omega-3 ratio =10. Mean daily dietary intakes of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 5.5 ± 3.3 g, 28.9 ± 9.1 g and 3.1 ± 1.7 g, respectively. Ninety-six percent of HD patients had an SFA intake <10% of total calories. Most unsaturated fatty acids intakes were under the value of =30%. Mean daily dietary fiber intake was 11.8 ± 6.1 g. CONCLUSION In HD patients from a Mediterranean country (Italy), daily intakes of calories, proteins and fiber were lower than the recommended values, whereas the intake of lipids was closer to being adequate.
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