纳米纤维素
材料科学
纤维素
超临界流体
多孔介质
超临界干燥
化学工程
多孔性
纳米技术
复合材料
化学
工程类
有机化学
作者
Yan Sun,Youlu Chu,Weibing Wu,Huining Xiao
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117489
摘要
Nanocellulose has been widely concerned and applied in recent years. Because of its high aspect ratio, large specific surface area, good modifiability, high mechanical strength, renewability and biodegradability, nanocellulose is particularly suitable as a base for constructing lightweight porous materials. This review summarizes the preparation methods and applications of nanocellulose-based lightweight porous materials including aerogels, cryogels, xerogels, foams and sponges. The preparation of nanocellulose-based lightweight porous materials usually involves gelation and drying processes. The characteristics and influencing factors of three main drying methods including freeze, supercritical and evaporation drying are reviewed. In addition, the mechanism of physical and chemical crosslinking during gelation and the effect on the structure and properties of the porous materials in different drying methods are especially focused on. This contribution also introduces the application of nanocellulose-based lightweight porous materials in the fields of adsorption, biomedicine, energy storage, thermal insulation and sound absorption, flame retardancy and catalysis.
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