神经科学
神经可塑性
联想(心理学)
发育可塑性
心理学
结构塑性
功能连接
皮质(解剖学)
可塑性
生物
物理
心理治疗师
热力学
作者
Valerie J. Sydnor,Bart Larsen,Jakob Seidlitz,Azeez Adebimpe,Aaron Alexander‐Bloch,Dani S. Bassett,Maxwell A. Bertolero,Matthew Cieslak,Sydney Covitz,Yong Fan,Raquel E. Gur,Ruben C. Gur,Allyson P. Mackey,Tyler M. Moore,David R. Roalf,Russell T. Shinohara,Theodore D. Satterthwaite
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41593-023-01282-y
摘要
Animal studies of neurodevelopment have shown that recordings of intrinsic cortical activity evolve from synchronized and high amplitude to sparse and low amplitude as plasticity declines and the cortex matures. Leveraging resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) data from 1,033 youths (ages 8-23 years), we find that this stereotyped refinement of intrinsic activity occurs during human development and provides evidence for a cortical gradient of neurodevelopmental change. Declines in the amplitude of intrinsic fMRI activity were initiated heterochronously across regions and were coupled to the maturation of intracortical myelin, a developmental plasticity regulator. Spatiotemporal variability in regional developmental trajectories was organized along a hierarchical, sensorimotor-association cortical axis from ages 8 to 18. The sensorimotor-association axis furthermore captured variation in associations between youths' neighborhood environments and intrinsic fMRI activity; associations suggest that the effects of environmental disadvantage on the maturing brain diverge most across this axis during midadolescence. These results uncover a hierarchical neurodevelopmental axis and offer insight into the progression of cortical plasticity in humans.
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