Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Gastric Cancer: Pathogenesis, Interactions, and Therapeutic Implications

This article reviews research progress on gastric cancer and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Firstly, the definition, classification and pathogenesis of gastric cancer are introduced, followed by an overview of the definition, origin, differentiation, and function of TAMs. Then, the role of TAMs in the development of gastric cancer is discussed, including their interaction with the tumor microenvironment (TME), and mechanisms which affect gastric cancer development and progression. In terms of tumor treatment, this article summarizes the role of TAMs as targets for the treatment of gastric cancer, including research progress on gastric cancer treatment, immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Finally, this article proposes future research directions, including in-depth study of the regulatory mechanisms of TAMs, exploring the heterogeneity of TAMs, investigating the diagnostic and predictive value of TAMs, and developing and optimizing treatment strategies targeting TAMs.