Covalent Organic Framework/Graphene Hybrids: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

To address current energy crises and environmental concerns, it is imperative to develop and design versatile porous materials ideal for water purification and energy storage. The advent of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a revolutionary terrain of porous materials, is underscored by their superlative features such as divinable structure, adjustable aperture, and high specific surface area. However, issues like inferior electric conductivity, inaccessible active sites impede mass transfer and poor processability of bulky COFs restrict their wider application. As a herculean stride forward, COF/graphene hybrids amalgamate the strengths of their constituent components and have in consequence, enticed significant scientific intrigue. Herein, the current progress on the structure and properties of graphene-based materials and COFs are systematically outlined. Then, synthetic strategies for preparing COF/graphene hybrids, including one-pot synthesis, ex situ synthesis, and in situ growth, are comprehensively reviewed. Afterward, the pivotal attributes of COF/graphene hybrids are dissected in conjunction with their multifaceted applications spanning adsorption, separation, catalysis, sensing, and energy storage. Finally, this review is concluded by elucidating prevailing challenges and gesturing toward prospective strides within the realm of COF/graphene hybrids research.