聚丙烯腈
材料科学
吸附
水溶液中的金属离子
硫黄
化学工程
金属
纳米技术
聚合物
有机化学
复合材料
化学
冶金
工程类
作者
Peng Li,Haibin Jiang,Ariel Rebekah Barr,Zhichu Ren,Rui Gao,Hua Wang,Weiwei Fan,Meifang Zhu,Guiyin Xu,Ju Li
标识
DOI:10.1002/adfm.202105845
摘要
Abstract Mercury, lead, and cadmium are among the most toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal ions (HMIs), posing serious threats to the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and public health. There is an urgent need to remove these ions from water by a cheap but green process. Traditional methods have insufficient removal efficiency and reusability. Structurally robust, large surface‐area adsorbents functionalized with high‐selectivity affinity to HMIs are attractive filter materials. Here, an adsorbent prepared by vulcanization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a nitrogen‐rich polymer, is reported, giving rise to PAN‐S nanoparticles with cyclic π‐conjugated backbone and electronic conductivity. PAN‐S can be coated on ultra‐robust melamine (ML) foam by simple dipping and drying. In agreement with hard/soft acid/base theory, N‐ and S‐containing soft Lewis bases have strong binding to Hg 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Cd 2+ , with extraordinary capture efficiency and performance stability. Furthermore, the used filters, when collected and electrochemically biased in a recycling bath, can release the HMIs into the bath and electrodeposit on the counter‐electrode as metallic Hg 0 , Pb 0 , Cu 0 , and Cd 0 , and the PAN‐S@ML filter can then be reused at least 6 times as new. The electronically conductive PAN‐S@ML filter can be fabricated cheaply and holds promise for scale‐up applications.
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