Plant polyphenols IX. The glycosidic pattern of anthocyanin pigments

The anthocyanins present in colour varieties of Lathyrus odoratus and Streptocarpus have been identified; the sugars of some forty other anthocyanins have also been examined. In all, twenty-two new anthocyanins have been found; they include the first representatives of the following glycosidic classes: 3-rhamnosides, 3-(xylosylgalactosides), 5-glucoside-3-rhamnosides, 5-glucosides-3-sophoroside, 3-sophoroside-7-glucosides and 5-glucoside-3-sambubiosides. Each of the two unusual disaccharides sophorose and sambubiose occurs combined in the anthocyanins of several plant genera. Structures previously proposed for pigments of Matthiola incana flowers and of red cabbage have been revised. This work brings the number of known classes of anthocyanins to seventeen.