Characterization of 236 novel alleles at the HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1, ‐DQB1 and ‐DPB1 loci from China Marrow Donor Program

Two hundred and thirty‐six novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are described from volunteer donors of the China Marrow Donor Program: 71 HLA‐A alleles, 79 HLA‐B alleles, 43 HLA‐C, 16 HLA‐DRB1 alleles, 26 HLA‐DQB1 and 1 HLA‐DPB1. Two hundred and thirteen (90.3%) of the 236 novel alleles are single nucleotide substitution variants when compared with their most homologous allele. Seventy‐eight of these single nucleotide variants are silent substitutions. The remaining novel alleles differ from their most similar allele by two to four nucleotide substitutions. Some of the novel alleles encode amino acid changes at positions not previously reported to be polymorphic, such as codons 57, 62, 67, 41 and 52 in HLA‐A alleles; codons 133, 156, 201 and 215 in HLA‐B alleles; codons 74, 208 and 225 in HLA‐C; codons 25, 32 and 72 in HLA‐DRB1; codons 20, 39 and 77 in HLA‐DQB1.