Brucella Meningitis and Papilledema in a Child

Purpose To report a rare case of Brucella meningitis with papilledema in a child and to discuss the findings of neurobrucellosis in children. Methods A 6-year-old girl was admitted with headache, fever, and vomiting for 1 week. Her family reported intake of raw unpasteurized goat's milk in the past. Meningeal signs were strongly positive. Bilateral moderate optic disc edema with flame-shaped hemorrhages was observed. Results The diagnosis of Brucella infection was established by positive blood culture for Brucella species, serum agglutination titer of antibodies to Brucella >1:160, and positive CSF culture. After treatment consisting of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, rifampin, and doxycycline, the patient's condition gradually improved. One month later, the papilledema disappeared. One year after presentation, the patient remains free of symptoms. Conclusions Brucella meningitis must be ruled out in symptomatic patients reporting ingestion of raw unpasteurized goat's milk. Papilledema is a frequent clinical feature, but irreversible visual impairment is extremely rare.