Utilidad en la clínica de la goma guar parcialmente hidrolizada: revisión de la evidencia y experiencia

Introduction: Dietary fiber is an important component of human diet. Since each fiber type has specific metabolic and gastrointestinal function effects, in each specific pathology we will have to choose the optimum type of fiber, considering its chemical, physical and physiological properties. Objective:to put partially hydrolyzed guar gum in its place in the complex framework of dietary fiber, to review its physicochemical properties and possible mechanisms of action; as well as its potential usefulness in different clinical situations in adult patients. Methods: non-systematic review in Medline. Results: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is obtained from a partial enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum by the enzyme β-endo-mannanase. It is a soluble, highly fermentable fiber with low viscosity. The fermentation of GGPH in colon produces short chain fatty acids, implicated in the main pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for their clinical effects. Its use in enteral nutrition associated diarrhea is supported by several studies and by the recommendations of scientific societies such as the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. The usefulness of GGPH has been studied in many other clinical situations, such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, bacterial overgrowth, etc. with promising results. Conclusions: GGPH is useful in the management of enteral nutrition associated diarrhea. In other clinical situations, more quality studies would be necessary in order to make concrete recommendations.