Crystallomorphological and Crystallochemical Indicators of Diamond Formation Conditions

An analytical review of the results of experimental studies of diamond crystallization and dissolution in systems with different compositions and mantle P–T parameters is presented. It is shown that the diamond morphology and the set of defect-impurity centers depend to a great extent on the composition of crystallization medium. Specific crystallomorphological and crystallochemical features of diamond that are typical of certain conditions are revealed. The genetic informativeness of some diamond characteristics and possibility of their use as indicators of the composition of crystallization and dissolution media and oxygen fugacity in diamond-origin processes are substantiated based on the experimentally established regularities in the "conditions–properties" system.