免疫疗法
抗原
胶质瘤
免疫原性
癌症免疫疗法
免疫学
生物
癌症研究
免疫系统
作者
Takahide Nejo,Akane Yamamichi,Neil D. Almeida,Yitzhar Goretsky,Hideho Okada
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.smim.2020.101385
摘要
Immunotherapy applications to glioblastoma represent a new treatment frontier. Antigen-targeted immunotherapy approaches hold enormous potential to elicit antigen-specific anti-tumor effects in central nervous system tumors. Still, the paucity of effective antigen targets remains a significant obstacle in safely and effectively treating glioblastoma and other malignant gliomas with relatively low mutation loads. In this review, we highlight the current understanding of and development of immunotherapy to target 1) shared non-mutant antigens 2) shared mutant antigens (neoantigens) derived from cancer-specific mutations 3) personalized neoantigens derived from tumor-specific genetic alterations containing de novo peptide sequences and 4) virus-derived antigens. We also discuss strategies to enhance tumor immunogenicity and neoantigen prediction. Spatial heterogeneity remains a formidable challenge for immunotherapy of glioma; recent advances in targeting multiple antigens and refining the antigen selection pipeline hold great promise to turn the tide against glioma.
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