[Application of CRISPR/Cas systems in the nucleic acid detection of pathogens: a review].

Rapid, sensitive and specific detection tools are critical for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. The in vitro nucleic acid amplification assays, including polymerase chain reaction and isothermal amplification technology, have been widely used for the detection of pathogens. Recently, nucleic acid detection-based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) have been developed, which are rapid, highly sensitive, highly specific, and portable. This review describes the classification and principle of CRISPR/Cas systems and their applications in pathogen detection, and discusses the prospects of CRISPR/Cas systems.[摘要] 快速、灵敏、特异的检测方法对于传染病防控至关重要。聚合酶链式反应、等温扩增等体外核酸扩增技术已广 泛应用于病原体检测。近年来, 基于规则成簇的间隔短回文重复序列及其相关蛋白(CRISPR/Cas)系统的核酸检测方法 显示出快速、高灵敏度、高特异性与便携性等优点。本文对CRISPR/Cas系统类型、原理及其在病原体检测中的应用进展 进行综述, 并对其应用前景进行展望。.