Beyond Comfortable: A Removable Antibacterial Electroconductive Cellulose Nonwoven Dressing for Accelerated Wound Healing

Endogenous bioelectric signals are critical for wound repair by directing keratinocyte migration, proliferation, and differentiation. However, pathogenic infections frequently disrupt this process, particularly in severe wounds. Here, we develop a multifunctional tannin-modified cellulose-polypyrrole nonwoven dressing (TA/Cell@PPy) that simultaneously harnesses epidermal potential-driven electrotherapy and provides antimicrobial protection. The dressing combines tannic acid (TA) for potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with conductive polypyrrole (PPy) that amplifies endogenous electric fields to promote re-epithelialization. In vivo evaluations demonstrate that TA/Cell@PPy significantly accelerates wound closure through three synergistic mechanisms: (1) enhanced granulation tissue, (2) optimized collagen matrix organization, and (3) stimulated angiogenesis. The biomimetic nanofibrous architecture, modeled after native extracellular matrix, ensures superior biocompatibility while its nonadherent design prevents secondary trauma during dressing changes. This electroactive antimicrobial dressing represents a clinically translatable solution for managing complex wounds, addressing both infection control and tissue regeneration challenges through a single platform.