Factors influencing the decision to undergo cervical cancer screening tests (Pap Smear and HPV-DNA testing) in women aged 30–65: The role of HPV knowledge, cancer screening perception, health anxiety, and behaviors for protection against sexually transmitted diseases

This study aimed to identify factors influencing cervical cancer screening participation among women aged 30–65, focusing on HPV knowledge, cancer screening perception, health anxiety, and behaviors for protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). A total of 1755 women participated, with a cervical cancer screening rate of 56.2%. Logistic regression analysis revealed several significant predictors of screening participation, including higher health anxiety, history of STDs, chronic diseases, increased HPV knowledge, positive behaviors for STDs prevention, increasing age, being married or divorced, light physical activity, healthier dietary habits, and living in the Mediterranean region. These findings highlight the interplay of demographic, psychological, and health-related factors in cervical cancer screening decisions. To improve screening rates, public health initiatives should enhance HPV knowledge, address health anxiety, and promote STDs prevention behaviors while considering regional and demographic differences. Further research should comprehensively explore how these factors interact in various settings.