A Pilot Proof-of-Concept Study of Telehealth-Based Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Autistic Youth: Initial Evidence of Efficacy and Acceptability

Autistic youth experience disproportionately high rates of child maltreatment and a wide range of other traumatic and stressful events, such as peer victimization. Very little empirical work has evaluated trauma-focused supports for Autistic youth, despite high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related symptoms. The current study is a pilot proof-of-concept evaluation of telehealth-based trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) for Autistic youth (N = 17, ages 10-17) and their caregivers. Youth PTSD symptoms significantly declined from the beginning to end of the program across youth self-report, caregiver report, and clinician interview, and effects were maintained at the 1-month follow-up with large effect sizes. Youth self-reported significant declines in anxiety. Caregivers reported significant improvements in all co-occurring youth mental health symptoms and some caregiver-level outcomes. Youth and caregivers rated the program and telehealth delivery favorably overall. Future larger-scale randomized evaluations of TF-CBT for Autistic youth are needed.