Preparation of porous ceramics with excellent mechanical properties and hierarchical pore structure through various pore-forming methods

In this paper, porous alumina ceramics were prepared by combining foaming, adding pore-forming agents, sol-gel process and in-situ decomposition. The samples have pores formed by foaming agent, pore-forming agent, gelation and in-situ decomposition of aluminum hydroxide. Through various pore-forming methods, the pore structure and distribution of the samples can be more precisely controlled, and through-hole ceramics with a porosity of 54.9%, a compressive strength of 55.6 MPa, a permeability of 2.9 × 10 −14 m 2 , a high-frequency dielectric constant of 3.30, a dielectric loss of 0.003, and a pore size of 10-20 μm were prepared. While ensuring high porosity and high strength, the high-frequency loss of traditional alumina ceramic suction cups was reduced, which provides a better preparation method for Porous ceramic vacuum suction cups. Compared with traditional single methods such as the foaming method, this process achieves better control over hierarchical pores and offers more balanced overall performance, demonstrating significant advantages and innovation for high-performance vacuum suction cups applications.